北京工业大学专业综合考试2009年研究生专业英语复试试卷

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北京工业大学试卷
2009 年建筑环境与设备工程研究生专业英语复试试卷
姓名： 考号： 成绩：
1 2 3 4 5 6
一、将下列 6段英文翻译成中文
1. Heat is energy in transit due to a temperature difference. The thermal energy is transferred
from one region to another by three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and
radiation. In conduction and convection, heat transfer takes place through matter. In
thermal radiation, there is a change in energy form from internal energy at the source to
electromagnetic energy for transmission, then back to internal energy at the receiver.
Whereas conduction and convection heat transfer rates are driven primarily by temperature
difference, radiative heat transfer rates increase rapidly with temperature differences （20
分）
2. Laminar and turbulent flow differ significantly in their velocity profiles. Turbulent flow
profiles are flat and laminar profiles are more pointed. As discussed, fluid velocities of the
turbulent profile near the wall must drop to zero more rapidly than those of the laminar
profile, so shear stress and friction are much greater in turbulent flow （15 分）
3. Refrigerants are the working fluids in refrigeration, air- conditioning, and heat-pumping
systems. They absorb heat from one area, such as an air-conditioned space, and reject it
into another, such as outdoors, usually through evaporation and condensation, respectively.
These phase changes occur both in absorption and mechanical vapor compression systems,
but not in systems operating on a gas cycle using a fluid such as air. The design of the
refrigeration equipment depends strongly on the properties of the selected refrigerant（20
分）
4. The energy used to heat and cool many buildings often comes from a central location in the
facility. The energy input may be any combination of electricity, oil, gas, coal, solar,
geothermal, etc. This energy is typically converted into hot or chilled water or steam that is
distributed throughout the facility for heating and air conditioning. Centralizing this
function keeps the conversion equipment in one location and distributes the heating and
cooling in a more readily usable form. Also, a central cooling and heating plant provides
higher diversity and generally operates more efficiently with lower maintenance and labor
costs than a decentralized plant.（20 分）
北京工业大学专业综合考试2009年研究生专业英语复试试卷.pdf

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作者：清悠学姐 分类：考研考博类 价格：3知币 属性：3 页 大小：753.01KB 格式：PDF 时间：2026-01-05

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